Digoxin (Part 01) = IIndustrial Production (Isolation Method), Estimation and Utilization (Part 05)
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Digoxin
Digoxin is extracted from the leaves of the foxglove plant Digitalis lanata. The digoxin molecule is composed of a sugar and it is a cardenolide. Digoxin exists as odorless white crystals that are insoluble in water or ether, slightly soluble in alcohol, and freely soluble in pyridine.
Isolation of Digoxin
1. First step, Digitalis. lanata dried leaves are extracted with 70% ethanol to get the crude extract.
2. The alcohol extract was defatted by partitioning with the petroleum ether layer and discard the ethereal layer.
3. The defatted alcohol extract-treated treated with lead acetate. filter ou the precipitate. The resultant alcoholic extract is partitioned with chloroform. Discard alcoholic extract and chloroform extract was subjected to column chromatography.
4. The purified lanatoside C obtained by elution extract on reversed-phase column with a mixture of acetonitrile and water hydrolysis yields digoxin.
Estimation Method (IP 2007):
Test and standard solution: Weigh accurately about 40 mg of test and standard digoxin, dissolve in sufficient ethanol (95 percent) to produce 50.0 ml, and dilute 5.0 ml of this solution to 100.0 ml with the same solvent.
Assay:
To 5.0 ml of the resulting solution add 3.0 ml of the alkaline picric acid solution, allow to stand in subdued light for 30 minutes, and measure the absorbance of the solution at the maximum at about 495 nm, using as the blank a mixture of 5.0 ml of ethanol (95 percent) and 3.0 ml of alkaline picric acid solution.
Calculate the content of C41H64014 from the absorbance obtained by repeating the operation using digoxin RS in place of the substance under examination.
% Assay: (Sample abs. / Standard abs.) x (Standard conc. /sample conc.) x 100
Utilization of Digoxin
As mentioned earlier it is a secondary glycoside and is a drug of choice in the treatment of cardiac disorders due to its cardiotonic effect.
Identification test: Keller - killani test, legal test & Baljet test
TLC Method: Stationary phase
Absorbent - Pre-coated Silica gel
Mobile Phase: Benzene: Ethanol (7:3)
Sample: plant extract (leaf)
Detecting: agent p-Anisaldehyde, perchloric acid
Observation: UV 350nm, Blue spot was produced.
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