Introducing IO Devices into Trusted Execution Environments - Jun Nakajima, Intel Corporation
Introducing IO Devices into Trusted Execution Environments - Jun Nakajima, Intel Corporation
Confidential computing protects data in use by performing computation in a hardware-based Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) such as Intel SGX or Intel’s upcoming Trust Domain Extensions (Intel TDX). Today, PCIe-attached devices are outside the TEE’s trust boundary and not allowed to read/write confidential memory. This limitation requires TEE VMs to stage the data sent or received from devices in a shared memory buffer accessible to the TEE, IO device and VMM. Further, to protect the confidentiality and integrity of data in the buffer, the data must be encrypted by the sender (either the IO device or TEE VM), transferred to the shared buffer, then decrypted by the receiving entity using software-based encryption/decryption. This process results in additional latency and overhead that negatively impacts application performance. This presentation will focus on security and software changes required to support IO in trusted execution environments. The software requirements for TEE VMs to securely use a device in the Trusted Computing Base with DMA operations against confidential memory using encryption/decryption will be discussed.