Learn to plot Ternary Phase Diagrams | M.Pharm Research project | Pharmacy
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A ternary graph, triangle plot is a barycentric plot on three variables
which sum to a constant. It graphically depicts the ratios of the three
variables as positions in an equilateral triangle. It is used in physical
chemistry and other physical sciences to show the compositions of
systems composed of three species. In a ternary plot, the proportions of
the three variables a, b, and c must sum to some constant, K. Usually,
this constant is represented as 100%. Because a + b + c = K for all
substances being graphed, any one variable is not independent of the
others, so only two variables must be known to find a sample's point
on the graph, for instance, c must be equal to K − a − b. Because the
three proportions cannot vary independently - there are only two
degrees of freedom - it is possible to graph the intersection of all three
variables in only two dimensions. It is sometimes necessary to know
the mutual solubilities of liquids in a two-phase system. For example,
you may need to know how much water is dissolved in oil with which
it is in contact, and also the amount of the oil that is in the aqueous
phase. In this experiment, you will consider a three-component mixture
(oil-water-surfactant at 37 0C) and construct the corresponding ternary
phase diagram. In this experiment, we investigate the behavior of a
system of three liquids oil-water-surfactant. Surfactant is miscible with
both oil and water, but oil and water are quite insoluble in each other.
Every point on a ternary plot represents a different composition of the
three components. According to the phase rule, a single phase in a
three-component system may possess four degrees of freedom. F = C –
P + 2 F ≡ degree of freedom; C ≡ component; P ≡ phase. These are
temperature, pressure and the compositions of two of the three
components. Because of the difficulty in graphically so many
variables, temperature and pressure are generally held constant. This is
the same special form of the phase rule that applies to two component
systems of constant pressure only.
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